Module 4 A Social Survey——My Neighbourhood
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【导读】 查尔斯·狄更斯是19世纪英国批判现实主义小说家代表，是世界上最伟大的作家之一，被后世奉为“召唤人们回到欢笑和仁爱中来的明灯”。《双城记》是狄更斯所著的一部以法国大革命为背景的长篇历史小说，是世界文学经典名著之一，小说中将巴黎、伦敦两大城市连接起来，围绕着马内特医生一家和以得法热夫妇为首的圣安东尼区展开故事的叙述。
A Tale of Two Cities(excerpt)
In the part of Paris called Saint Antoine everyone was poor.The streets were narrow and dirty，the food shops were almost empty.The faces of the children looked old already，because they were so hungry.In the wine shop of Monsieur Defarge there were not many customers and Defarge was outside，talking to a man in the street.His wife，Madame Defarge，sat inside the shop，knitting and watching.Defarge came in and his wife looked at him，then turned her eyes to look at two new customers，a man of about sixty and a young lady.Defarge went over to speak to them，suddenly kissed the young lady's hand，and led them out of the back of the shop.They followed him upstairs，many stairs，until they reached the top.Defarge took a key out of his pocket.
“Why is the door locked？”asked Mr. Lorry in surprise.“He is a free man now.”
“Because he has lived too long behind a locked door，”replied Defarge angrily.“He is afraid if the door is not locked！That is one of the things they have done to him.”
“I'm afraid，too，”whispered Miss. Manette.Her blue eyes looked worriedly at Mr. Lorry.“I am afraid of him—my father.”
Defarge made a lot of noise as he opened the door.Mr. Lorry and Lucie went into the room behind him.A thin，whitehaired man was sitting on a wooden seat.He was very busy，making shoes.
“Good day，”said Defarge“You are still working hard，I see.”
After a while they heard a whisper，“Yes，I am still working.”
“Come，”said Defarge.“You have a visitor.Tell him your name.”
“My name？”came the whisper，“One Hundred and Five，North Tower.”
Mr. Lorry moved closer to the old man.“Dr Manette，don't you remember me，Jarvis Lorry？”he asked gently.
The old prisoner looked up at Mr. Lorry，but there was no surprise，no understanding in his tired face，and he went back to work making shoes.
双城记(节选)
在巴黎的一个名叫圣安东尼的地方，所有的人都很穷。街道狭窄肮脏，食品店几乎都是空的。孩子们的脸已显出老态。因为他们太饥饿了。在得法热先生的酒店里没有多少顾客，得法热则在门外与街上的一个男人交谈着。他的妻子得法热夫人坐在店里一边织毛衣一边观察着周围。得法热走进店来，他的妻子看着他，然后就把眼光转过去盯着两位新来的顾客，他们是一位大约60岁的男人和一位年轻的女士。得法热走过去同他们说话，他突然吻了那位小姐的手，接着领着他们从店铺后面走出去。他们跟着他上楼，爬了很多级楼梯，直到他们到达楼顶。得法热从兜里掏出一把钥匙来。
“为什么锁着门？”劳里先生惊讶地问。“他现在是个自由人了。”
“因为他在上了锁的房间里生活的时间太长了，”得法热气愤地回答说。“门要是不锁上他就会害怕！这是他们给他造成的恶果之一。”
“我也害怕，”马内特小姐低声地说。她那蓝蓝的眼睛忧心地看着劳里先生。“我害怕他——我的父亲。”
得法热开门时弄出了很多响声，劳里先生和路茜跟在他后面进了屋子。一个瘦削而头发全白的人正坐在一个木头凳子上。他在忙着做鞋子。
“您好，”得法热说。“我看您还在忙着啊。”
过了一会儿他们才听到一声嘟哝：“是的，我还在干着活。”
“瞧，”得法热说。“有人来看您了。告诉他您的名字。”
“我的名字？”嘟哝声传过来道。“一百零五，北塔。”
劳里先生走近了老人。“马内特医生，您不记得我了吗，贾维斯·劳里？”他轻声地问道。
这个老犯人抬起头看着劳里先生，但是没有表现出惊奇，疲惫的脸上没有显示出他明白了什么的表情，然后他又重新做起鞋来。
[知识积累]
1．knit v．编织衣物等
2．lock vt.锁，锁上
3．whisper vi.耳语，低声说
4．be afraid of害怕
5．Defarge went over to speak to them，suddenly kissed the young lady's hand，and led them out of the back of the shop.
分析：这是一个简单句，谓语为并列结构，went...，kissed...，led...。当有三个或以上词汇或结构并列时，前面的并列之间用逗号相隔，最后两项用and连接。
6．They followed him upstairs，many stairs，until they reached the top.
分析：这是一个复合句。名词短语many stairs在句中作状语，until引导时间状语从句。
[文化链接]
《双城记》创作于19世纪50年代，正处于英国资本主义经济快速发展时期，资本主义发展带来的种种罪恶和劳动人民生活的贫困化，导致下层群众中存在极端的愤懑与不满，英国社会处于爆发一场社会大革命的边缘，这与18世纪末法国的社会现状极为相似，狄更斯通过对两个城市的对比，给当时的英国社会以借鉴及警醒。
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