2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
理科综合(参考答案)
一、选择题
1.C 2. B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.C 12.D 13.A
二、选择题
14.B 15.ABD 16.ABC 17.A 18.BD 19.B 20.D 21.A
三、非选择题
（1）必考题：
22（1）.![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=40&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"40","h":"26","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image3.png","imgOriW":40,"imgOriH":26})
、
. （2）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=36&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"36","h":"29","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image5.png","imgOriW":36,"imgOriH":29})
、
. （3）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=57&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"57","h":"30","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image7.png","imgOriW":57,"imgOriH":30})
23.(1)![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=232&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"232","h":"53","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image8.png","imgOriW":232,"imgOriH":53})
(2)![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=532&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"532","h":"340","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image9.png","imgOriW":567,"imgOriH":362})
(3)![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=199&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"199","h":"35","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image10.png","imgOriW":199,"imgOriH":35})
24. ![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=553&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"553","h":"53","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image11.png","imgOriW":639,"imgOriH":61})
25.(1)![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=525&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"525","h":"247","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image13.png","imgOriW":608,"imgOriH":286})
(2)
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=501&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"501","h":"477","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image14.png","imgOriW":622,"imgOriH":592})
26.![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=553&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"553","h":"268","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image16.png","imgOriW":666,"imgOriH":323})
27.(1)2858KJ
(2)![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=451&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"451","h":"34","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image17.png","imgOriW":451,"imgOriH":34})
(3)③④
（4）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=49&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"49","h":"42","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image18.png","imgOriW":49,"imgOriH":42})
（5）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=238&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"238","h":"26","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image19.png","imgOriW":238,"imgOriH":26})
、
28.（1）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=235&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"235","h":"30","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image21.png","imgOriW":235,"imgOriH":30})
（2）BADC
（3）①![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=225&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"225","h":"36","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image22.png","imgOriW":225,"imgOriH":36})
②金属钙与水反应也有类似现场
（4）取适量氢化钙，在加热条件下与干燥氧气反应，将反应气相产物通过装有硫酸铜的干燥管，观察到白色变为蓝色；取钙做类似实验，观察不到白色变为蓝色；
（5）氢化钙是固体，携带方便。
29．（1）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=81&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"81","h":"24","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image23.png","imgOriW":81,"imgOriH":24})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=553&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"553","h":"129","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image24.png","imgOriW":634,"imgOriH":148})
（3）高；
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=553&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"553","h":"49","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image25.png","imgOriW":653,"imgOriH":58})
30．（1）核糖体内质网 高尔基体 含有
(2)B 浆 记忆 特异性
31．（1）竞争和捕食 寄生
（2）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=171&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"171","h":"109","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image26.png","imgOriW":171,"imgOriH":109})
（3）增加
（4）减弱
32．（1）答：基因的自由组合定律和基因的分离定律（或基因的自由组合定律）
（2）答：4对。![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=534&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"534","h":"94","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image27.png","imgOriW":652,"imgOriH":116})
（二）选考题
33．（1）ADE
（2）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=553&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"553","h":"108","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image28.png","imgOriW":645,"imgOriH":126})
34．（1）ABE
（2）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=554&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"554","h":"262","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image30.png","imgOriW":635,"imgOriH":300})
35．（1）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=38&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"38","h":"54","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image32.png","imgOriW":38,"imgOriH":54})
、、
（2）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=554&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"554","h":"156","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image35.png","imgOriW":575,"imgOriH":162})
36．（1）明矾水解产生酸性环境，在酸性条件下纤维素水解，使高分子链断裂；
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=255&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"255","h":"34","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image37.png","imgOriW":255,"imgOriH":34})
（2）①过量的碱同样可能会导致纤维素水解，造成书籍污损；
②![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=188&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"188","h":"31","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image38.png","imgOriW":188,"imgOriH":31})
（3）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=459&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"459","h":"77","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image40.png","imgOriW":459,"imgOriH":77})
37．（1）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=553&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"553","h":"35","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image41.png","imgOriW":704,"imgOriH":45})
（2）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=83&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"83","h":"31","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image42.png","imgOriW":83,"imgOriH":31})
、 N 、+3；
（3）120 º 、![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=33&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"33","h":"37","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image43.png","imgOriW":33,"imgOriH":37})
、正四面体；
（4）共价键（或极性共价键）、分子间力；
（5）4 、 4 、![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=158&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"158","h":"51","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image44.png","imgOriW":158,"imgOriH":51})
38．（1）![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=63&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"63","h":"27","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image45.png","imgOriW":63,"imgOriH":27})
（2）取代反应 、 2-氯甲苯（邻氯甲苯）
(3)![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=289&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"289","h":"71","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image46.png","imgOriW":289,"imgOriH":71})
(4)4 、 2
（5）4 、 ①![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=84&md5sum=91b13088f111dbecd8b741ee14fdba9e&sign=610c703ff8&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=154&ipr={"t":"img","w":"84","h":"50","dataType":"jpeg","c":"word/media/image47.png","imgOriW":84,"imgOriH":50})
②
39.（1）原油 、 选择；
（2）平板划线法顾问 、 稀释涂布平板法
（3）强
（4）干热灭菌 、 高压蒸汽灭菌 、 火焰
40.（1）无氧和有氧（或细胞）；
（2）群落 、 一 、 太阳；
（3）物质循环再生 、 物种多样性 ;
（4）已被破坏的生态环境（或受损的生态系统）.
高考试题来源：http://www.gaokao.com/zyk/gkst/
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