现在分词的变化规则
1. 一般情况下,在动词后加-ing构成:
work→working 工作 sleep→sleeping 睡 wait→waiting等待
study→studying 学习 read→reading 读 talk→talking 谈话
2. 不发音的-e结尾的动词去掉e后再加-ing:
smile→smiling 微笑 move→moving write→writing 写 come---coming
leave ---leaving take ---taking bite ---biting have –having
wake---waking make---making dance----dancing ride----riding
但是,若是发音的e结尾,则不能去e:
see→seeing 看见 agree→agreeing 同意
3. 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing:
sit→sitting plan→planning prefer→preferring run ---running
swim ---swimming shop ---shopping begin ---beginning stop---stopping
forget---forgetting cut---cutting get---getting hit—hitting
set---setting fit---fitting dig—digging
重读闭音节是指:这个动词是重读音节,同时单词的最后也是以辅音字母结尾的闭音节。
音节:
1. 单音节:音标中含有一个元音;(单音节全是省略了重读符号的重音节)
2. 双音节:音标中含有二个元音;(会有重读符号标在某个需重读的音节前)
3. 多音节:音标中含有三个或三个以上的元音音标。(会有重读符号标在某个需重读的音节前)
音节:
1.开音节
1)以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。 例:be,he。
2)以辅音字母(r 除外)+不发音的e结尾的音节。 例:make,like。
* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。
2.闭音节
以一个或几个辅音字母(r 除外)结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节,称为闭音节。例:map,desk,is。 * *在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。
重读闭音节
要判断一个单词是否是重读闭音节,必须同时满足下列三个条件:
1、这个音节必须重读;
2、这个单词结尾必须是“辅元辅”,即“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”;
3、在这个“辅元辅”中的元音字母必须发短音。
只有这三个条件同时成立的情况下,这个单词才能算是重读闭音节。
如:put, dig 思考:listen play
4. 以字母ie结尾的动词,通常将ie改为y,再加ing:
die→dying 死 lie→lying 躺 tie---tying 系住
【注】① 以字母l结尾动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加ing,如control / controlling,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如travel / travel(l)ing。
现在进行时的结构
句式 结构
肯定句 主语+ am / is / are +动词-ing形式+其他.
否定句 主语+ am / is / are + not +动词-ing形式+其他.
一般疑问句 Am / Is / Are +主语+动词-ing形式+其他?
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+ am / is / are.
否定回答 No, 主语+ am / is / are + not.
特殊疑问句 疑问词+ am / is / are +主语+动词-ing形式+其他?
考试中常考的现在进行时的应用
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时。如: They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打球。
(2)以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。如: Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week, these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时。如:
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如: Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝。
现在进行时专项练习
写出下列单词的现在分词
read ________go ___________ talk__________ swim ___________
get _________begin ____________write __________ take ________
visit __ ______ wait ___ ____leave_________ eat __________
water (浇) _________ sleep_______ have __________ sit _ _____
laugh ____________ study _______ run _________ come _______
play __________ listen________ lie ________ tie _________
单项选择
1. Listen! They ___ _____ in the next room.
A. sing B. is singing C. are singing D. were singing
2. Lucy is always busy. She _____ only five hours every day.
A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. would sleep D. sleeps
3. It’s eight o’clock. The students ______ an English class.
A. have B. having C. is having D. are having
4. ---Is your father a doctor?
---Yes, he is. He _______ in Town Hospital.
A. has worked B. is working C. works D. worked
5. Physics ______ much harder than English, I think.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
6. ---Mary, could you help me?
---Wait a moment. I _____.
A. read a book B. did my homework C. was watching TV D. am cooking dinner.
7. The final exam _____ next Thursday.
A. will take place B. take place C. is taking place D. takes place
8. ---Can your father drive?
---Yes, and he usually ______ to school.
A. drove B. is driving C. drives D. has driven
9. ---Excuse me, where is Jim?
---Oh, he ______ dumplings in the kitchen.
A. makes B. will make C. is making D. made
10. ---Hurry up! It’s time to leave.
---Ok, ______.
A. I come B. I’ve come C. I’ll come D. I’m coming
11. Don’t turn on the TV. Grandma _______ now.
A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. slept D. sleeps
12. ---______ you ______ a book?
---Yes, I am.
A. Do; read B. Are; read C. Are; reading D. Are; looking
13. Sometimes she _______ in the day, but now she is ________.
A. works; working B. working; work C. work; working D. work; work
14. Kate _________, and the others _________.
A. sing; listen B. is singing; is listening C. sing; are listening D. is singing; are listening
15. ---Tom _____ the piano in the room.
---Please ask him to come here.
A. play B. plays C. played D. is playing
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
16. Look! The children _______(play) football on the playground.
They ______(play) football every Sunday afternoon.
17. Please be quiet! We ______ ( listen ) to the song You and Me.
18. ---Mrs. Green likes children very much, doesn’t she?
---Yes, that’s true. She ________ ( write ) a children’s book these days.
19. How many lessons________Peter__________(have) on Monday?
20. It’s fine today. The sun _________( shine).
21. Tom and Jim ___________(do) their homework at the moment.
22. Tim usually________ (get) up at six o’clock.
23. Be quick! LiLei__________(wait) for us at the school gate.
24. Han Meimei _________(like) watching TV. She________( watch) TV every evening. But now she__________( not watch) TV. She _______ (get) ready for her final exam.
25. It’s six o’clock. My teacher ________ (work) in his office.
26. ---Listen, who___________ (read) in the classroom? ---Maybe Kate ______(be).
27. Amy ______ (write) good English but _______(not speak) English well.
28. ---- ____ Lily __________ (listen) to the teacher? ---- No, she isn’t.
29. I____(like) drawing pictures very much. Look! I ______ (draw) a big tree.
30. The little girl___(look) like her father. Now, she __________(look) at the photos of her family.
四、将下列句子转换为现在进行时
31. He talks to a friend.
32. They don’t play computer games.
33. Do they swim ?
34. Does she write a letter ?
35. What do they look at ?
五、句型转换
36. He is eating dinner. (对划线部分提问)
_____ is he _________?
37. They are reading in the library . (对划线部分提问)
_____________ ________they __________?
38. I’m doing my homework. 改为一般疑问句
_____________________________________________
39. I want to go to the movies at 7 o’clock.. (对划线部分提问)
____________ ___________ ___________ want to go to the movies ?
六、造句
40. she, the window ,open ,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)
___________________________________________
41. is, who, the window, cleaning?(连词成句)
_________________________________________
42. She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)
___________________________________________________
43. You are doing your homework.(用"I"作主语改写句子)
______________________________________________
44. they, the tree, sing, now, under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)
______________________________________________________
45. The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________
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