①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作,经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起.如: It's no good eating too much fat. It's no good for you to eat so much fat. ②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语.如: It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules. ,作宾语
⒈不定式作宾语
①以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语.如:agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail , help, hope, lean, long, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等,这些词大部分可接that引导的从句.如: I decided to ask for my money back. I decided that I would ask for my money back. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot.
When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot. ②当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式.如: We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. ③介词but, except, besides +to do(do 在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式,即带do不带to, 带to不带do.如: The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in. On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV. ⒉动名词作宾语
①以下动词后,只能接动名词作宾语,如:admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, save, suggest, don't mind, give up, insist, on, put off等.如: I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.
